Anunţă-mă când se modifică Fişă act Comentarii (0) Trimite unui prieten Tipareste act

DECIZIE Nr

DECIZIE   Nr. 57 din 28 mai 2003

privind aprobarea Ghidului de pregatire si examinare a cursantilor in domeniul elaborarii bilanturilor energetice

ACT EMIS DE: MINISTERUL INDUSTRIEI SI RESURSELOR


SmartCity3

              AGENTIA ROMANA PENTRU CONSERVAREA ENERGIEI
ACT PUBLICAT IN: MONITORUL OFICIAL  NR. 425 din 17 iunie 2003

    In conformitate cu prevederile Legii nr. 199/2000 privind utilizarea eficienta a energiei, republicata,
    in conformitate cu prevederile Hotararii Guvernului nr. 19/2001 privind organizarea si functionarea Ministerului Industriei si Resurselor, cu modificarile ulterioare,
    in temeiul Hotararii Guvernului nr. 941/2002 privind organizarea si functionarea Agentiei Romane pentru Conservarea Energiei,
    in baza Ordinului ministrului industriei si resurselor nr. 24/2003,
    in baza Ordinului ministrului industriei si resurselor nr. 245/2002 privind aprobarea Regulamentului pentru autorizarea persoanelor fizice si juridice care au dreptul sa realizeze bilanturi energetice si a Regulamentului pentru atestarea responsabililor cu atributii in domeniul gestiunii energiei,

    presedintele Agentiei Romane pentru Conservarea Energiei emite urmatoarea decizie:

    Art. 1
    Se aproba Ghidul de pregatire si examinare a cursantilor in domeniul elaborarii bilanturilor energetice, prevazut in anexa care face parte integranta din prezenta decizie.
    Art. 2
    Prezenta decizie va fi publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, si pe adresa de Internet a Agentiei Romane pentru Conservarea Energiei: www.arceonline.ro.
    Art. 3
    Prevederile cuprinse in Ghidul de pregatire si examinare a cursantilor in domeniul elaborarii bilanturilor energetice se vor duce la indeplinire de catre institutiile de invatamant superior agreate de Agentia Romana pentru Conservarea Energiei in vederea organizarii cursurilor.

                       Presedintele Agentiei Romane
                       pentru Conservarea Energiei,
                           Mihai-Marius Voronca

    ANEXA 1

                                  GHID
de pregatire si examinare a cursantilor in domeniul elaborarii bilanturilor energetice

    Art. 1
    Prezentul ghid se adreseaza specialistilor energeticieni care doresc sa fie autorizati in domeniul elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice.
    Art. 2
    In conformitate cu reglementarile in vigoare (Legea nr. 199/2000 privind utilizarea eficienta a energiei, republicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 734 din 8 octombrie 2002, si Regulamentul pentru autorizarea persoanelor fizice si juridice care au dreptul sa realizeze bilanturi energetice, aprobat prin Ordinul ministrului industriei si resurselor nr. 245/2002, publicat in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 836 din 20 noiembrie 2002), pentru autorizarea in domeniul elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice, persoanele fizice trebuie sa indeplineasca urmatoarele conditii:
    a) sa aiba capacitate deplina de exercitiu;
    b) sa aiba o anumita experienta profesionala dobandita prin activitate neintrerupta in invatamant, cercetare, proiectare, executie sau exploatare (vezi art. 3);
    c) sa obtina atestatul de absolvire a cursului de pregatire in domeniul elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice.
    Art. 3
    (1) Experienta profesionala ceruta persoanelor fizice care doresc sa fie autorizate in domeniul elaborarii bilanturilor energetice difera in functie de clasa. Cele trei clase de bilanturi sunt definite astfel:
 ______________________________________________________________________________
| Clasa | Bilant electroenergetic | Bilant termoenergetic |   Bilant complex   |
|_______|_________________________|_______________________|____________________|
|   A   |        P < 250 kW       |      P < 500 kW       |          -         |
|_______|_________________________|_______________________|____________________|
|   B   |    250 < P < 1.000 kW   |   500 < P < 2.000 kW  | 750 < P < 3.000 kW |
|_______|_________________________|_______________________|____________________|
|   C   |      P > 1.000 kW       |     P > 2.000 kW      |    P > 3.000 kW    |
|_______|_________________________|_______________________|____________________|

    (2) Experienta profesionala minima acumulata prin activitate neintrerupta la care se face referire in art. 2 lit. b) este urmatoarea:
 ______________________________________________________________________________
| Pregatirea profesionala si specializarea |  Clasa  | Durata minima necesara  |
|                                          |de bilant| a experientei           |
|                                          |energetic| profesionale acumulate  |
|                                          |         | de catre persoana fizica|
|__________________________________________|_________|_________________________|
| Absolventi ai unei facultati tehnice cu  |    A    |        3 - 4 ani        |
| profil energetic sau asimilat acestuia   |_________|_________________________|
|                                          |    B    |        4 - 6 ani        |
|__________________________________________|_________|_________________________|
| Absolventi ai unei facultati tehnice cu  |    A    |        4 - 6 ani        |
| profil diferit de cel energetic sau      |         |                         |
| asimilat acestuia, care au absolvit      |_________|_________________________|
| cursuri de perfectionare in domeniul     |    B    |        6 - 8 ani        |
| energetic                                |         |                         |
|__________________________________________|_________|_________________________|
| Absolventi de colegii cu profil electric,|    A    |        6 - 8 ani        |
| termic sau de instalatii (tehnicieni),   |_________|_________________________|
| care au absolvit cursuri de perfectionare|    B    |        8 - 10 ani       |
| in domeniul energetic                    |         |                         |
|__________________________________________|_________|_________________________|

    Art. 4
    (1) Pregatirea cursantilor in vederea elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice este structurata pe doua directii, prima incluzand bilanturile termoenergetice, iar a doua, bilanturile electroenergetice. Fiecare directie presupune un grup de 3 module de curs, dupa cum urmeaza:
 ______________________________________________________________________________
| Modulul   | Bilanturi electroenergetice    | Bilanturi termoenergetice       |
|___________|________________________________|_________________________________|
| Modulul 1 | Bazele electroenergeticii      | Bazele termoenergeticii         |
|___________|________________________________|_________________________________|
| Modulul 2 | Masurarea marimilor electrice  | Masurarea marimilor neelectrice |
|___________|________________________________|_________________________________|
| Modulul 3 | Intocmirea si analiza          | Intocmirea si analiza           |
|           | bilanturilor electroenergetice | bilanturilor termoenergetice    |
|___________|________________________________|_________________________________|

    (2) Programa analitica a fiecaruia dintre cele 6 cursuri este prezentata in anexele nr. 1 - 6.
    Art. 5
    (1) Atestarea insusirii cunostintelor pentru fiecare dintre module se face numai de catre institutiile agreate de Agentia Romana pentru Conservarea Energiei (ARCE).
    (2) Metoda de evaluare a insusirii cunostintelor este prezentata de asemenea in anexa, pentru fiecare modul. Promovarea fiecarui modul necesita acumularea a minimum 70 de puncte din cele 100 posibile.
    (3) Frecventarea de catre cursanti a modulelor 2 si 3 este obligatorie, in timp ce frecventarea modulului 1 este optionala. Verificarea insusirii cunostintelor este obligatorie pentru toate cele 3 module.
    (4) Promovarea testului de verificare pentru modulul 1 constituie conditie pentru accesul cursantului la modulul 2. Similar, promovarea testului de verificare pentru modulul 2 constituie conditie pentru accesul cursantului la modulul 3.
    (5) In urma promovarii testelor de verificare, cursantul va primi cate un certificat de absolvire pentru fiecare modul.
    (6) Autorizarea nu se face simultan pentru bilanturi electroenergetice si termoenergetice.
    Art. 6
    (1) In vederea autorizarii in domeniul elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice, persoanele fizice vor depune la ARCE un dosar care va cuprinde documentele precizate la art. 12 din Regulamentul pentru autorizarea persoanelor fizice si juridice care au dreptul sa realizeze bilanturi energetice.
    (2) In contextul prezentului ghid se subliniaza obligatia ca dosarul sa includa o copie a certificatului de absolvire a unui curs de pregatire in domeniul elaborarii bilanturilor energetice, organizat de o universitate tehnica cu profil energetic, absolvit cu cel mult 2 ani inaintea datei la care se solicita autorizarea in calitate de auditor energetic persoana fizica.
    Art. 7
    Institutiile de invatamant agreate de ARCE sa organizeze cursurile de pregatire in vederea elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice trebuie sa indeplineasca urmatoarele cerinte:
    a) experienta de formare de minimum 10 ani in domeniul (profilul) energetic;
    b) existenta unui colectiv de minimum 4 cadre didactice titulare, dintre care cel putin doua cu titlul de doctor inginer, pentru fiecare modul;
    c) cadrele didactice din colectivul respectiv sa aiba publicate cel putin 3 carti in domeniu si sa fi contribuit la cel putin 15 analize pe baza de bilant;
    d) existenta unei baze materiale adecvate, care consta din laboratoare de masuratori in energetica, dispunand de dotarea necesara, care sa acopere toate capitolele din programa analitica a modulului 2.
    Art. 8
    Institutiile de invatamant care doresc sa organizeze cursuri de pregatire in domeniul elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice vor depune la ARCE, in vederea primirii agrementului de a organiza aceste cursuri, un dosar care sa cuprinda urmatoarele:
    a) statutul institutiei;
    b) dovada experientei de formare de minimum 10 ani in domeniul energetic;
    c) lista formatorilor si curriculum vitae al fiecaruia;
    d) lista laboratoarelor si a altor instalatii cu caracter experimental care pot servi ca baza materiala pentru pregatirea practica in domeniul elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice.
    Art. 9
    Institutiile de invatamant pot forma consortii agreate de ARCE, care sa organizeze prin cooperare desfasurarea cursurilor de pregatire in domeniul elaborarii si analizei bilanturilor energetice, cu respectarea prevederilor art. 7 si 8. In acest caz, o parte din modulele de curs se deruleaza la o unitate de invatamant, iar celelalte, la alta unitate de invatamant. Nu se admite pregatirea unei persoane in cadrul a mai mult de doua unitati de invatamant pentru acelasi curs.
    Art. 10
    Dupa incheierea si promovarea de catre solicitanti a cursurilor de pregatire, institutiile organizatoare vor elibera absolventilor un certificat de absolvire.
    Art. 11
    Anexele nr. 1 - 6*) fac parte integranta din prezentul ghid.
------------
    *) Anexele nr. 1 - 6 sunt reproduse in facsimil.

    ANEXA 1
    la ghid

              PROGRAMA ANALITICA A CURSULUI BAZELE TERMOENERGETICII

    1. FORMA DE INVATAMANT: cu frecventa sau deschis la distanta (IDD).

    2. DURATA CURSULUI: 30 ore

    3. OBIECTIVELE CURSULUI
    Cursul prezinta notiuni fundamentale de termodinamica, transfer de caldura, arderea combustibililor, instalatii si echipamente termice precum si aspecte ale utilizarii energiei termice in contururile industriale. Cunoasterea acestor elemente este necesara in elaborarea bilanturilor termice simple, la nivelul echipamentelor si instalatiilor termice si a celor complexe, la nivelul contururilor industriale.

    4. CONTINUTUL CURSULUI

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. crt.|                         Denumire                             |Durata|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1    |                            2                                 |   3  |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 1  |Notiuni fundamentale de termodinamica                         | 4 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.1     |Proprietatile termodinamice ale corpurilor                    | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.1.1|Ecuatii si marimi caracteristice ale fluidelor                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.1.2|Coeficienti termodinamici                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.1.3|Transformari termodinamice (reversibile si ireversibile)      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.1.4|Diagrame de stare (T-s, i-s, p-i, e-i, i-x)                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.2     |Principiul I al termodinamicii. Legea conservarii energiei si | 1 ora|
|        |transformarii energiei                                        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.3     |Principiul al II-lea al termodinamicii (generalitati,         | 1 ora|
|        |enunturi, expresii)                                           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.4     |Cicluri termodinamice (Carnot, Rankine, Brayton)              | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 2  |Elemente de transfer de caldura                               | 6 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.1     |Moduri fundamentale de transfer al caldurii (conductia,       | 1 ora|
|        |convectia, radiatia - definitii; debit de caldura, flux       |      |
|        |termic, rezistenta termica - definitii)                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.2     |Elemente de baza ale conductiei termice (unidirectionala in   | 1 ora|
|        |regim constant)                                               |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.1|Ecuatia lui Fourier, conductivitatea termica                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.2|Corpuri omogene cu forme geometrice simple, fara surse        |      |
|        |interioare de caldura (perete plan, cilindric, sferic) -      |      |
|        |rezistenta termica                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.3|Corpuri omogene cu forme geometrice simple, cu surse          |      |
|        |interioare de caldura (perete plan, cilindric, sferic) -      |      |
|        |rezistenta termica                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.3     |Elemente de baza ale convectiei termice                       | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.3.1|Clasificare. Legea lui Newton. Coeficientul de schimb de      |      |
|        |caldura prin convectie                                        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.3.2|Criterii adimensionale utilizate in transferul caldurii       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.4     |Fierberea. Condensarea - clasificari, aspecte caracteristice  | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.5     |Elemente de baza ale radiatiei termice - legile radiatiei     | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.6     |Procese complexe de schimb de caldura - coeficientul global de| 1 ora|
|        |schimb de caldura                                             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 3  |Elemente caracteristice ale proceselor de ardere in           | 4 ore|
|        |instalatiile industriale                                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.1     |Tipuri de combustibili utilizati in instalatiile industriale -| 1 ora|
|        |proprietati termochimice                                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.2     |Arderea - Determinarea principalelor elemente ale arderii     | 2 ore|
|        |combustibililor                                               |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   3.2.1|Elemente de calcul pentru arderea combustibililor (solizi,    |      |
|        |lichizi, gazosi) - coeficient de exces de aer, volume         |      |
|        |teoretice si reale de aer, gaze de ardere si vapori de apa    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   3.2.2|Diagrama arderii                                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.3     |Instalatii de ardere - caracteristici generale pentru diferite| 1 ora|
|        |tipuri de combustibil (solizi, lichizi, gazosi)               |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 4  |Instalatii si echipamente termice din contururile industriale |10 ore|
|        |- (elemente caracteristice)                                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.1     |Schimbatoare de caldura                                       | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.1.1|Tipuri constructive: schimbatoare de caldura tubulare,        |      |
|        |schimbatoare de caldura cu placi, recuperatoare de caldura,   |      |
|        |regeneratoare, condensatoare, boilere - elemente              |      |
|        |caracteristice, parametri de dimensionare si functionare      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.1.2|Ecuatii de baza in calculul schimbatoarelor de caldura,       |      |
|        |diferenta de temperatura medie logaritmica                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.2     |Instalatii de vaporizare - tipuri constructive, elemente si   | 1 ora|
|        |marimi caracteristice, (solvent, solvit, cantitate de apa     |      |
|        |vaporizata, concentratie, diferenta activa de temperatura)    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.3     |Instalatii de uscare                                          | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.3.1|Parametrii principali ai aerului umed si gazelor de ardere    |      |
|        |(presiuni partiale aer uscat, continut de umiditate, umiditate|      |
|        |relativa, entalpie), reprezentare procese si diagrame         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.3.2| Tipuri constructive, elemente si marimi caracteristice       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.4     |Instalatii cu ciclu invers                                    | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.4.1|Instalatii frigorifice - tipuri constructive (cu compresie    |      |
|        |mecanica de vapori, cu absorbtie), scheme de principiu,       |      |
|        |reprezentare procese in diagrame, elemente si marimi          |      |
|        |caracteristice                                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.4.2|Pompe de caldura - tipuri, numar de trepte, scheme de         |      |
|        |principiu, reprezentare procese in diagrame, marimi           |      |
|        |caracteristice                                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.5     |Compresoare, pompe, ventilatoare - tipuri constructive,       | 1 ora|
|        |elemente si marimi caracteristice                             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.6     |Cuptoare industriale - tipuri constructive (topire, incalzire | 1 ora|
|        |si tratamente termice, uscare), elemente si marimi            |      |
|        |caracteristice                                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.7     |Cazane (abur, apa fierbinte) - tipuri constructive, elemente  | 1 ora|
|        |si marimi caracteristice, caracteristici energetice, consumuri|      |
|        |de combustibil                                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.8     |Turbine                                                       | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.8.1|Turbine cu abur (TA) - tipuri constructive (contrapresiune,   |      |
|        |condensatie si priza), elemente caracteristice, regimuri de   |      |
|        |functionare, durate de utilizare                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.8.2|Turbine cu gaze (TG) - tipuri (circuit deschis, circuit       |      |
|        |inchis), elemente si marimi caracteristice (randament de      |      |
|        |producere al energiei electrice, grad de recuperare), consum  |      |
|        |de combustibil                                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.9     |Motoare termice (MT) - tipuri constructive (elemente          | 1 ora|
|        |caracteristice), combustibil utilizat, marimi caracteristice  |      |
|        |(randament de producere al energiei electrice, grad de        |      |
|        |recuperare), consum de combustibil                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 5  |Surse si forme de energie termica utilizabila, agenti         | 6 ore|
|        |purtatori, din contururile industriale                        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.1     |Tipuri de surse de energie termica - scheme de principiu,     | 2 ore|
|        |elemente componente                                           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   5.1.1|CET (abur, TG, MT)                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   5.1.2|CT (cu cazane de abur si/sau apa fierbinte)                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.2     |Agenti purtatori (abur, apa fierbinte, aer comprimat) -       | 1 ora|
|        |caracteristici, parametri                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.3     |Caracteristici ale consumurilor finale de energie termica     | 1 ora|
|        |(consumuri tehnologice, consumuri pentru asigurarea           |      |
|        |conditiilor de munca si viata - incalzire, climatizare, apa   |      |
|        |calda de consum) - valori caracteristice, mod de variatie,    |      |
|        |durate de functionare                                         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.4     |Resurse energetice secundare din contururile industriale      | 2 ore|
|        |(tipuri, directii de recuperare, efecte ale recuperarii asupra|      |
|        |contururilor industriale)                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|

    5. MOD DE EVALUARE: examinare scrisa si teste in cadrul aplicatiilor - 100 puncte

    6. BIBLIOGRAFIE

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. |        Autori         |                      Titlu                      |
|crt.|                       |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 1. |D. Stefanescu,         |Bazele Termotehnicii                             |
|    |B. Grunwald s.a.       |E.D.P. Bucuresti, 1970                           |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 2. |M. Marinescu,          |Instalatii de ardere - Culegere de probleme      |
|    |Al. Chisacof s.a.      |pentru ingineri Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 1985  |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 3. |A. Badea,              |Schimbatoare de caldura                          |
|    |H. Necula              |Editura Agir, Bucuresti, 2000                    |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 4. |A. Leca,               |Transfer de caldura si masa                      |
|    |M. Stan s.a.           |Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 1998                  |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 5. |Gh. Carabogdan s.a.    |Instalatii termice industriale                   |
|    |                       |Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 1977                  |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 6. |V. Athanasovici        |Utilizarea caldurii in industrie, vol. I         |
|    |                       |Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 1996                  |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 7. |V. Athanasovici        |Utilizarea caldurii in industrie, vol. II        |
|    |                       |Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 1997                  |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 8. |C. Raducanu,           |Tehnologii complexe de recuperare a caldurii in  |
|    |R. Patrascu            |industrie, Editura PRINTECH, Bucuresti 2000      |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|

    ANEXA 2
    la ghid

             PROGRAMA ANALITICA A CURSULUI MASURAREA MARIMILOR NEELECTRICE

    1. FORMA DE INVATAMANT: cu frecventa sau deschis la distanta (IDD).

    2. DURATA CURSULUI: 30 ore

    3. OBIECTIVELE CURSULUI
    Din punct de vedere informativ cursul urmareste realizarea unei pregatiri in domeniul masurarii marimilor neelectrice (temperaturi, presiuni, cantitati, debite, nivel, continutul de umiditate din gaze, continutul gazelor de ardere, traductoare si linii de masura).

    4. CONTINUTUL CURSULUI

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. crt.|                       Denumire                               |Durata|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1    |                          2                                   |   3  |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 1  |Masurarea temperaturii                                        |  6 h |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.1     |Principii de masurare. Scari de temperatura. Conditii generale|      |
|        |de efectuare a masuratorilor de temperatura. Clasificarea     |      |
|        |termometrelor de contact, domenii de folosire                 |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.2     |Termometrul de sticla cu lichid. Tipuri constructive.         |      |
|        |Corectiile masuratorilor de temperatura cu termometre cu      |      |
|        |lichid. Corectia de coloana (de fir). Etalonarea termometrelor|      |
|        |cu lichid                                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.3     |Manotermometre                                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.4     |Termometre cu dilatarea metalelor                             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.5     |Termometre cu rezistenta. Caracteristici constructive. Erorile|      |
|        |termorezistentelor. Etalonarea termometrelor cu rezistenta    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.6     |Termocupluri. Caracteristicile electrice ale termocuplurilor. |      |
|        |Constructia termocuplurilor. Erorile termocuplurilor,         |      |
|        |imbatranirea termocuplurilor. Montarea termocuplurilor.       |      |
|        |Etalonarea termocuplurilor                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.7     |Masurarea temperaturii prin procedee radiative. Legile fizice |      |
|        |ale radiatiilor termice. Aparate de masura prin radiatie      |      |
|        |totala (pirometru). Pirometre monocromatice. Pirometre de     |      |
|        |culoare. Termoviziunea                                        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.8     |Masurarea temperaturii cu ajutorul substantelor               |      |
|        |termosensibile                                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.9     |Traductoare de temperatura                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.10    |Aplicatii de laborator                                        |      |
|        |- verificarea termometrelor, termorezistentelor si a unui     |      |
|        |  logometru;                                                  |      |
|        |- inertia termica a detectoarelor de contact, verificarea     |      |
|        |  unui termocuplu, verificarea unui milivoltmetru             |      |
|        |  pirometric                                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 2  |Masurarea presiunii                                           |  4 h |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.1     |Generalitati                                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.2     |Aparate de masura a presiunii bazate pe legile hidrostatice.  |      |
|        |Aparate cu tub U. Aparate cu plutitor. Aparate cu balanta     |      |
|        |inelara                                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.3     |Aparate de masura cu elemente elastice. Generalitati.         |      |
|        |Aparate cu tuburi elastice. Aparate cu membrana. Aparate cu   |      |
|        |burduf elastic. Aparate cu celula Barton. Barometre aneroide. |      |
|        |Influenta temperaturii asupra aparatelor de masura a          |      |
|        |presiunii cu element elastic                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.4     |Alte tipuri de aparate de masurat presiunea. Aparate cu       |      |
|        |piston si greutati. Aparate de masura rezistive. Aparate de   |      |
|        |masura piezoelectrice                                         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.5     |Traductoare de presiune                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.6     |Etalonarea sau verificarea aparatelor de masura a presiunii   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.7     |Recomandari privind alegerea, montarea si exploatarea         |      |
|        |aparatelor de masura a presiunii. Alegerea aparatelor de      |      |
|        |masura. Montarea si exploatarea aparatelor de masura a        |      |
|        |presiunii                                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.8     |Aplicatii de laborator                                        |      |
|        |- verificarea unui manometru cu element elastic si a unui     |      |
|        |  traductor de presiune;                                      |      |
|        |- verificarea unui manometru cu tub inclinat si ASKANIA;      |      |
|        |- determinarea vitezei medii intr-o conducta de aer ventilat. |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 3  |Masurarea cantitatilor                                        |  7 h |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.1     |Generalitati                                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.2     |Clasificarea metodelor de masurare a cantitatilor             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.3     |Masurarea cantitatilor prin metoda gravimetrica. Cantarirea si|      |
|        |utilaje de cantarit automate. Contoare de masa                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.4     |Masurarea debitelor prin metode volumetrice. Contoare         |      |
|        |volumetrice pentru gaze                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.5     |Masurarea debitului datorita rezistentei opuse de un corp la  |      |
|        |inaintarea fluidului. Rotametre                               |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.6     |Masurarea debitului prin determinarea distributiei de viteze  |      |
|        |sau a vitezei medii. Anemometre. Moristile hidraulice.        |      |
|        |Contoare de viteza. Determinarea debitului cu ajutorul        |      |
|        |tuburilor de presiune (tuburi Pitot Prandtl si Pitot mediat)  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.7     |Masurarea debitelor prin metoda micsorarii locale a sectiunii |      |
|        |de curgere. Principiul metodei. Deducerea relatiilor de       |      |
|        |calcul. Conditii de aplicare a metodei. Elemente primare      |      |
|        |normalizate, alegerea dispozitivelor de strangulare. Calculul |      |
|        |debitelor si a erorilor limita. Instalatii de masurare a      |      |
|        |debitului cu dispozitive de strangulare. Masurarea debitelor  |      |
|        |de lichide pe canale prin strangulari locale. Deversoare      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.8     |Debitmetre electromagnetice                                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.9     |Metode speciale de masurare a debitelor. Metoda injectarii.   |      |
|        |Debitmetre termoelectrice. Debitmetre ultrasonice cu efect    |      |
|        |Doppler. Debitmetre pseudo fluidice (cu efect Vortex sau      |      |
|        |piezo-procesive). Debitmetre cu oscilatii hidraulice de tipul |      |
|        |superstatic. Criterii de alegere a debitmetrelor              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.10    |Traductoare de debit                                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.11    |Aplicatii de laborator                                        |      |
|        |- verificarea unui debitmetru diferential si a unui lant      |      |
|        |  electronic de masura                                        |      |
|        |Masurarea debitelor cu ajutorul diafragmei si cu ajutorul     |      |
|        |rotametrelor                                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 4  |Masurarea nivelului                                           |  4 h |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.1     |Introducere. Aparate cu citire directa. Nivelmetre            |      |
|        |hidrostatice. Nivelmetre cu plutitor. Nivelmetre cu imersor.  |      |
|        |Nivelmetre termice. Nivelmetre acustice. Nivelmetre cu surse  |      |
|        |radioactive. Nivelmetre electrice. Nivelmetre cu diferite     |      |
|        |principii de functionare                                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.2     |Masurarea nivelului de lichide. Masurarea nivelului in        |      |
|        |rezervoare inchise. Masurarea nivelului in tamburul cazanelor |      |
|        |de abur. Masurarea nivelului lichidelor in rezervoare         |      |
|        |deschise. Masurarea nivelului lichidelor prin metode          |      |
|        |capacitive                                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.3     |Masurarea nivelelor la solide. Masurarea nivelului cu         |      |
|        |ajutorul elementelor cu contacte. Masurarea nivelului zgurei. |      |
|        |Masurarea continua a nivelului carbunelui                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.4     |Traductoare de debit                                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 5  |Analiza concentratiei de gaze                                 |  4 h |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.1     |Introducere. Esantioane de gaze. Sondele de prelevare.        |      |
|        |Alegerea sondelor de prelevare. Filtrarea gazelor. Analiza    |      |
|        |gazelor bazata pe principii fizice                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.2     |Masurarea unor concentratii chimice in lichide. Determinarea  |      |
|        |continutului total de saruri. Masurarea concentratiei de      |      |
|        |saruri prin bilant masic. Determinarea oxigenului dizolvat.   |      |
|        |Determinarea concentratiei de ioni de H2 (masurarea           |      |
|        |indicelui pH). Determinarea potentialului REDOX               |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.3     |Aparate moderne pentru analiza gazelor                        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.4     |Aplicatii de laborator                                        |      |
|        |- analiza chimica a gazelor cu aparate de tip INFRALYT si     |      |
|        |  TESTO 33                                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 6  |Masurarea umiditatii gazelor                                  |  3 h |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|6.1     |Marimi fizice                                                 |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|6.2     |Procedee de masurare a umiditatii absolute, relative si a     |      |
|        |gradului de umiditate                                         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|6.3     |Masurarea temperaturii punctului de roua                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|6.4     |Aplicatii de laborator: Masurarea continutului de umiditate   |      |
|        |a gazelor                                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 7  |Masurarea puterii mecanice a cuplului si a turatiei           |  2 h |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|7.1     |Masurarea puterii si a cuplului                               |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|7.2     |Masurarea turatiei                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|

    5. MOD DE EVALUARE: examinare scrisa si teste in cadrul aplicatiilor - 100 puncte

    6. BIBLIOGRAFIE

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. |        Autori         |                      Titlu                      |
|crt.|                       |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  1.|Motoiu C., Prisecaru   |Masurarea marimilor electrice si neelectrice -   |
|    |I., Dumitrescu I. S.,  |partea a II-a UPB, 1983                          |
|    |Mihailescu N.          |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  2.|Bratianu I.,           |Masuratori in termoenergetica - indrumar de      |
|    |Mihailescu N., s.a.    |laborator UPB - 1985                             |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  3.|Preobrazensky V.       |Measurements and instrumentation in heat         |
|    |                       |engineering,                                     |
|    |                       |Editura Mir Moscova, 1985                        |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  4.|I. Burton              |Pratique de la mesure et du controle dans        |
|    |                       |l'industrie, vol. I - IV,                        |
|    |                       |Editura Dunod Paris, 1978                        |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  5.|L. Bivolaru            |Montarea instalatiilor de automatizare,          |
|    |                       |vol. I si II                                     |
|    |                       |Editura Tehnica, Bucuresti, 1979                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|

    ANEXA 3
    la ghid

    PROGRAMA ANALITICA A CURSULUI INTOCMIREA SI ANALIZA BILANTURILOR TERMOENERGETICE

    1. FORMA DE INVATAMANT: cu frecventa sau deschis la distanta (IDD).

    2. DURATA CURSULUI: 30 ore

    3. OBIECTIVELE CURSULUI
    Cursul constituie o incercare de structurare a activitatii de intocmire si analiza a bilanturilor termoenergetice specifice sectorului industrial. Disciplina urmareste mai multe obiective distincte, intre care exista o anumita legatura si anume:
    a) prezentarea naturii, sensului si implicatiilor schimburilor de energie cu exteriorul pentru mai multe tipuri de echipamente termoenergetice;
    b) stabilirea celor mai potriviti indicatori de performanta pentru fiecare tip de echipament;
    c) familiarizarea cursantilor cu modul de abordare si mijloacele specifice de analiza energetica a activitatilor industriale.
    In prima parte sunt prezentate notiunile de baza legate de abordarea, intocmirea si analiza bilantului energetic. Partea a doua include o prima etapa de analiza energetica a principalelor tipuri de echipamente care intra in compunerea transformatorilor de energie cu specific termoenergetic. Partea a treia include analiza energetica a unor tipuri de consumatori finali de energie. Partea a patra prezinta sisteme complexe de transformatori si de consumatori finali.

    4. CONTINUTUL CURSULUI

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. crt.|                       Denumire                               |Durata|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1    |                          2                                   |   3  |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 1  |Managementul energiei, conditie a unui sistem economic        | 2 ore|
|        |concurential                                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 2  |Bilantul energetic, prima etapa a analizei energetice a unui  | 6 ore|
|        |contur in interiorul caruia se desfasoara o activitate cu     |      |
|        |specific industrial                                           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.1     |Scopul bilantului energetic. Conturul de bilant. Termenii     | 1 ora|
|        |bilantului                                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.2     |Informatii si date de intrare necesare pentru intocmirea unui | 1 ora|
|        |bilant energetic                                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.3     |Modalitati de prelucrare a datelor si de prezentare a         | 1 ora|
|        |rezultatelor bilantului                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.4     |Analiza rezultatelor obtinute. Indicatori de performanta      | 2 ore|
|        |energetica                                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.5     |Impactul asupra mediului. Indicatori de impact                | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 3  |Principalele categorii de echipamente energetice care intra   |12 ore|
|        |in compunerea transformatorilor de energie cu specific        |      |
|        |termoenergetic                                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.1     |Pompe si compresoare                                          | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.2     |Schimbatoare de caldura                                       | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.3     |Cazane conventionale de abur si apa fierbinte                 | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.4     |Cazane recuperatoare                                          | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.5     |Turbine cu abur si cu gaze                                    | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.6     |Motoare cu ardere interna                                     | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.7     |Instalatii frigorifice si pompe de caldura                    | 3 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.8     |Acumulatoare de caldura                                       | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 4  |Principalele categorii de instalatii apartinand categoriei    | 6 ore|
|        |consumatorilor finali de energie cu specific termoenergetic   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.1     |Instalatii de vaporizare                                      | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.2     |Instalatii de uscare si asimilabile cu acestea                | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.3     |Cuptoare cu combustibil                                       | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.4     |Reactoare chimice si incalzitoare                             | 1 ora|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 5  |Sisteme complexe cu specific termoenergetic                   | 4 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.1     |Sisteme complexe de transformatori de energie                 | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   5.1.1|Centrale cogenerare de mica si medie putere                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.2     |Sisteme complexe de instalatii apartinand categoriei de       | 2 ore|
|        |consumatori finali                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|

    5. MOD DE EVALUARE: examinare scrisa si teste in cadrul aplicatiilor - 100 puncte

    6. BIBLIOGRAFIE

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. |        Autori         |                      Titlu                      |
|crt.|                       |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  1.|Carabogdan I. Gh.,     |Bilanturi energetice                             |
|    |Badea A.,              |Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 1986                  |
|    |Athanasovici V., s.a.  |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  2.|Raducanu C.,           |Auditul energetic                                |
|    |Patrascu R.,           |Editura AGIR Bucuresti, 2000                     |
|    |Paraschiv D., Gaba A.  |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|

    ANEXA 4
    la ghid

           PROGRAMA ANALITICA A CURSULUI BAZELE ELECTROENERGETICII

    1. FORMA DE INVATAMANT: cu frecventa sau deschis la distanta (IDD).

    2. DURATA CURSULUI: 30 ore

    3. OBIECTIVELE CURSULUI
    Cursul prezinta notiuni fundamentale de electrotehnica, determinarea marimilor electrice de stare, calculul randamentelor instalatiilor de distributie si utilizare a energiei electrice, instalatii si echipamente electrice de distributie si utilizare, precum si aspecte ale utilizarii energiei electrice in contururile industriale. Cunoasterea acestor elemente este necesara in elaborarea bilanturilor electrice simple, la nivelul echipamentelor si instalatiilor electrice si a celor complexe, la nivelul contururilor industriale.

    4. CONTINUTUL CURSULUI

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. crt.|                       Denumire                               |Durata|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1    |                          2                                   |   3  |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 1  |Bazele teoriei macroscopice ale electromagnetismului          | 6 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.1     |Marimi ce caracterizeaza starile electromagnetice ale         |      |
|        |corpurilor si campului electromagnetic:                       |      |
|        |- sarcina electrica;                                          |      |
|        |- momentul electric;                                          |      |
|        |- momentul magnetic;                                          |      |
|        |- curentul electric de conductie;                             |      |
|        |- intensitatea campului electric;                             |      |
|        |- inductia electrica;                                         |      |
|        |- intensitatea campului magnetic;                             |      |
|        |- inductia magnetica.                                         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.2     |Legile teoriei macroscopice a electromagnetismului si         |      |
|        |aplicatiile lor cele mai semnificative                        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.1|Legea fluxului electric                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.2|Legea fluxului magnetic                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.3|Legea inductiei electromagnetice                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.4|Legea circuitului magnetic                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.5|Legea conservarii sarcinii electrice                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.6|Legea conductiei electrice                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.7|Legea transformarii energiei electromagnetice in procesul     |      |
|        |conductiei electrice (Legea lui Ohm)                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.8|Legea legaturii in camp electric                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   1.2.9|Legea legaturii in camp magnetic                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|  1.2.10|Legea polarizatiei temporare                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|  1.2.11|Legea magnetizatiei temporare                                 |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|  1.2.12|Legea electrolizei                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.3     |Energia campului electrostatic al unui sistem de corpuri      |      |
|        |conductoare                                                   |      |
|        |- Localizarea energiei in campul electrostatic                |      |
|        |- Condensatorul electric si capacitatea electrostatica        |      |
|        |- Calculul capacitatii                                        |      |
|        |- Energia unui condensator                                    |      |
|        |- Teorema fortelor generalizate in camp electric              |      |
|        |- Aplicatii                                                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.4     |Energia magnetica a unui sistem de circuite                   |      |
|        |- Energia unei bobine si cea a ansamblului de doua bobine     |      |
|        |  cuplate magnetic                                            |      |
|        |- Teorema fortelor generalizate in camp magnetic              |      |
|        |- Aplicatii                                                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 2  |Circuite electrice                                            |12 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.1     |Bazele teoriei circuitelor electrice                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.1.1|Ipotezele teoriei circuitelor electrice cu parametri          |      |
|        |concentrati                                                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.1.2|Elemente de circuit                                           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.1.3|Circuite electrice                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.1.4|Teorema circuitelor electrice: Kirchoff; Conservarea          |      |
|        |puterilor; Superpozitiei; Vashy; Thevenin; Norton             |      |
|        |Transfigurari electrice ale conexiunilor: serie, paralel,     |      |
|        |stea, triunghi, divizor de tensiune, divizor de curent        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.2     |Circuite trifazate                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.1|Sisteme trifazate de tensiune                                 |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.2|Conexiuni trifazate - relatii intre curentii si tensiunile de |      |
|        |faza si de linie                                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.3|Conexiuni trifazate cu cuplaje magnetice                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.4|Puteri in circuitele trifazate in regim simetric si nesimetric|      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.5|Metoda componentelor simetrice. Schemele directa, inversa si  |      |
|        |homopolara                                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.6|Puteri trifazate in componente simetrice                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   2.2.7|Regimul deformant. Analiza spectrala. Valori efective,        |      |
|        |coeficienti de deformare. Puteri in regim deformant           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 3  |Masini electrice                                              | 7 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.1     |Transformatorul electric                                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   3.1.1|Ecuatii                                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   3.1.2|Schema electrica echivalenta                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   3.1.3|Bilantul puterilor                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.2     |Motorul asincron                                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   3.2.1|Ecuatii                                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   3.2.2|Schema electrica echivalenta                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   3.2.3|Bilantul puterilor                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.3     |Actionari electrice                                           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 4  |Regimuri de functionare ale instalatiilor electroenergetice   | 5 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.1     |Modelarea elementelor componente ale sistemului               |      |
|        |electroenergetic                                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.1.1|Ipoteze                                                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.1.2|Generatorul electric                                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.1.3|Consumatorii de energie electrica                             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.1.4|Reteaua electrica                                             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.2     |Reprezentarea prin cuadripoli si calculul parametrilor        |      |
|        |electroenergetici                                             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.3     |Schemele electrice echivalente si calculul parametrilor       |      |
|        |retelelor electrice                                           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.4     |Calculul circulatiei de curenti si puteri in retelele         |      |
|        |electrice industriale                                         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.5     |Calculul pierderilor de putere si energie in retelele         |      |
|        |electrice                                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.6     |Masurari pentru reducerea pierderilor de putere si energie    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.6.1|Compensarea puterii reactive la consumatori                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|   4.6.2|Functionarea in paralel a transformatoarelor dupa graficul    |      |
|        |optim                                                         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.7     |Curbe de sarcina. Indicatori specifici                        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|

    5. MOD DE EVALUARE: examinare scrisa si teste in cadrul aplicatiilor - 100 puncte

    6. BIBLIOGRAFIE

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. |        Autori         |                      Titlu                      |
|crt.|                       |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  1.|Timotin A. s.a.        |Lectii de bazele electrotehnicii                 |
|    |                       |E.D.P., 1970                                     |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  2.|Preda M.               |Bazele electrotehnicii, vol. I si II             |
|    |                       |E.D.P., 1982                                     |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  3.|Mocanu C. I.           |Teoria circuitelor electrice                     |
|    |                       |E.D.P., 1979                                     |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  4.|Mocanu C. I.           |Teoria campului electromagnetic                  |
|    |                       |E.D.P., 1981                                     |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  5.|Moraru A.              |Bazele electrotehnicii, teoria campului          |
|    |                       |electromagnetic                                  |
|    |                       |Editura Matrix, 2002                             |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  6.|Moraru A.              |Bazele electrotehnicii, teoria circuitelor       |
|    |                       |electrice                                        |
|    |                       |Editura Matrix, 2002                             |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  7.|Dumitriu L.,           |Teoria moderna a circuitelor electrice           |
|    |Iordache M.            |Editura All, 1998, 2000                          |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  8.|Iordanescu I.,         |Alimentarea cu energie electrica a consumatorilor|
|    |Iacobescu Gh.          |E.D.P., 1980                                     |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  9.|Iacobescu Gh. s.a.     |Retele si sisteme electrice                      |
|    |                       |E.D.P., 1979                                     |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 10.|Iordanescu I. s.a.     |Retele electrice pentru alimentarea              |
|    |                       |intreprinderilor industriale                     |
|    |                       |Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 1985                  |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|

    ANEXA 5
    la ghid

        PROGRAMA ANALITICA A CURSULUI MASURAREA MARIMILOR ELECTRICE

    1. FORMA DE INVATAMANT: cu frecventa sau deschis la distanta (IDD).

    2. DURATA CURSULUI: 30 ore

    3. OBIECTIVELE CURSULUI
    - Cunoasterea sistemelor actuale de masurare a marimilor electrice necesare bilanturilor energetice;
    - Stabilirea criteriilor de alegere a echipamentelor de masurare;
    - Stabilirea modului de prelucrare si interpretare a datelor.

    4. CONTINUTUL CURSULUI

    4.1 Continutul cursului propriu-zis:
 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. crt.|                             Denumire                         |Durata|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|    1   |                               2                              |   3  |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 1  |Masurarea valorilor efective ale marimilor de stare           | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.1     |Tensiuni electrice: continue, alternative                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.2     |Curentul electric continuu, curentul electric alternativ      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|1.3     |Stabilirea numarului de esantioane pe o semiperioada          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 2  |Caracteristici statistice ale marimilor de stare in reteaua de| 2 ore|
|        |alimentare                                                    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.1     |Curenti electrici                                             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.2     |Tensiuni electrice                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 3  |Masurarea puterilor active in retele electrice de distributie | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.1     |Definitia puterii active in circuite monofazate               |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.2     |Definitii ale puterii active la retele electrice trifazate    |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.3     |Masurarea puterii active in retele monofazate                 |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.4     |Masurarea puterii active in retele de distributie trifazate   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 4  |Puterea reactiva                                              | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.1     |Definirea puterilor reactive in retelele de distributie       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.2     |Masurarea puterilor reactive                                  |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 5  |Factorul de putere in retele de distributie                   | 2 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.1     |Definitii ale factorului de putere in retele monofazate si    |      |
|        |trifazate                                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.2     |Determinarea factorului de putere                             |      | |________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 6  |Contoare electronice                                          | 4 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|6.1     |Principiu de functionare                                      |      | |________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|6.2     |Schema bloc                                                   |      | |________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 7  |Masurarea puterilor si energiilor in regimuri nesimetrice si  | 4 ore|
|        |deformante                                                    |      | |________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 8  |Conditii de validare si verificare a echipamentelor de        | 2 ore|
|        |masurare utilizate pentru decontarea energiei electrice       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|        |                                               TOTAL ore curs |20 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|

    4.2  Continutul aplicatiilor:
 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. |                             Denumire                             |Durata|
|crt.|                                                                  |      |
|____|__________________________________________________________________|______|
| 1  |                                2                                 |   3  |
|____|__________________________________________________________________|______|
|L.1.|Sisteme de achizitie de date. Monitorizarea marimilor electrice   | 4 ore|
|____|__________________________________________________________________|______|
|L.2.|Contoare electronice. Achizitia si utilizarea datelor inregistrate| 2 ore|
|____|__________________________________________________________________|______|
|L.3.|Utilizarea sistemelor de masurare in regimuri deformante si       | 2 ore|
|    |nesimetrice                                                       |      |
|____|__________________________________________________________________|______|
|L.4.|Prelucrarea datelor experimentale                                 | 2 ore|
|____|__________________________________________________________________|______|
|    |                                              TOTAL ore aplicatii |10 ore|
|____|__________________________________________________________________|______|

    5. MOD DE EVALUARE: examinare scrisa si teste in cadrul aplicatiilor - 100 puncte

    6. BIBLIOGRAFIE

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. |        Autori         |                      Titlu                      |
|crt.|                       |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  1.|Golovanov C. s.a.      |Masurari electrice si electronice                |
|    |                       |E.D.P.B., 1984                                   |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  2.|Golovanov C. s.a.      |Masuratori in electroenergetica - indrumar de    |
|    |                       |laborator                                        |
|    |                       |Universitatea Politehnica Bucuresti - 1995       |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  3.|Preobrazensky V.       |Measurements and instrumentation in heat         |
|    |                       |engineering                                      |
|    |                       |Editura Mir Moscova, 1985                        |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  4.|Burton I.              |Pratique de la mesure et du controle dans        |
|    |                       |l'industrie, vol. I - IV                         |
|    |                       |Editura Dunod Paris, 1978                        |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  5.|Golovanov C. s.a.      |Probleme moderne de masurare in electroenergetica|
|    |                       |Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 2002                  |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|

    ANEXA 6
    la ghid

    PROGRAMA ANALITICA A CURSULUI INTOCMIREA SI ANALIZA BILANTURILOR ELECTROENERGETICE

    1. FORMA DE INVATAMANT: cu frecventa sau deschis la distanta (IDD).

    2. DURATA CURSULUI: 30 ore

    3. OBIECTIVELE CURSULUI
    Cursul prezinta notiunile fundamentale si indrumarile metodologice generale necesare pentru realizarea si analiza bilanturilor electroenergetice specifice sectorului industrial. In cadrul cursului se evidentiaza, in principal, urmatoarele obiective:
    - analiza fluxurilor tehnologice reprezentative si a proceselor energetice care implica transformari ale energiei electrice;
    - studiul indicatorilor de performanta pentru diferite tipuri de consumatori de energie electrica;
    - familiarizarea cursantilor cu modul de abordare si mijloacele specifice de analiza energetica a activitatilor industriale;
    - exemplificare prin studii de caz.

    4. CONTINUTUL CURSULUI

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. crt.|                             Denumire                         |Durata|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|    1   |                               2                              |   3  |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 1  |Generalitati: obiectul si domeniul de aplicare; definitii si  | 2 ore|
|        |clasificari; tipuri de bilanturi electroenergetice;           |      |
|        |managementul energiei in conditiile pietei de energie         |      |
|        |electrica                                                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 2  |Bilantul energetic, etapa importanta a analizei energetice    | 2 ore|
|        |referitoare la o zona in care se desfasoara o activitate      |      |
|        |industriala                                                   |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.1     |Scop, contur de bilant, componentele bilantului energetic     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|2.2     |Informatii si date de intrare necesare pentru intocmirea unui |      |
|        |bilant energetic                                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 3  |Indicatii metodologice generale privind elaborarea            | 2 ore|
|        |bilanturilor electroenergetice                                |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.1     |Bilantul electroenergetic pe utilaj                           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.2     |Bilantul electroenergetic pe sectie                           |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.3     |Bilantul electroenergetic pe unitati de productie             |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|3.4     |Bilantul electroenergetic total pe firma/intreprindere        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 4  |Elementele principale privind realizarea bilantului           | 4 ore|
|        |electroenergetic                                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.1     |Trusa de instrumente pentru executarea auditului energetic    |      |
|        |(voltmetre, ampermetre, wattmetre, varmetre, cosfimetre,      |      |
|        |contoare de energie activa si reactiva s.a., echipamente de   |      |
|        |protectie si pentru securitatea muncii)                       |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.2     |Pregatirea executiei auditului energetic (culegere de date    |      |
|        |privind identificarea si persoane de contact, procesele       |      |
|        |tehnologice, productie si consumuri, costuri si venituri)     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.3     |Executarea auditului energetic (intalnirea cu persoanele      |      |
|        |implicate, culegerea datelor, analize ad-hoc si evidentierea  |      |
|        |unor masuri potentiale de economisire a energiei etc.)        |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.4     |Prelucrarea datelor prelevate, stabilirea masurilor de        |      |
|        |economisire si evaluarea efectelor energetice si financiare   |      |
|        |etc.                                                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.5     |Redactarea raportului de bilant electroenergetic (descrierea  |      |
|        |instalatiilor, analiza costurilor, prezentarea masurilor de   |      |
|        |economisire a energiei, propunere de plan de actiuni)         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|4.6     |Redactarea Planului de masuri pentru economisirea energiei    |      |
|        |electrice si protectia mediului                               |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 5  |Bilanturi electroenergetice in industrie                      |10 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.1     |Realizarea bilantului electroenergetic pentru: |      |
|        |- motoare electrice;                                          |      |
|        |- cazane;                                                     |      |
|        |- instalatii de incalzire;                                    |      |
|        |- climatizare si ventilatie;                                  |      |
|        |- echipamente specializate;                                   |      |
|        |- compresoare de aer;                                         |      |
|        |- iluminat electric;                                          |      |
|        |- cuptoare electrice de diferite tipuri (cu arc electric, cu  |      |
|        |  inductie, cu rezistoare, cu microunde etc.);                |      |
|        |- sisteme de actionare electrica s.a.                         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|5.2     |Realizarea auditului energetic pentru:                        |      |
|        |- motoare electrice;                                          |      |
|        |- cazane;                                                     |      |
|        |- instalatii de incalzire;                                    |      |
|        |- climatizare si ventilatie;                                  |      |
|        |- echipamente specializate;                                   |      |
|        |- compresoare de aer;                                         |      |
|        |- iluminat electric;                                          |      |
|        |- cuptoare electrice de diferite tipuri (cu arc electric, cu  |      |
|        |  inductie, cu rezistoare, cu microunde etc.);                |      |
|        |- sisteme de actionare electrica s.a.                         |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 6  |Trei aplicatii de bilanturi electroenergetice in sectorul     | 4 ore|
|        |tertiar. Realizarea auditului pentru:                         |      |
|        |- instalatii de incalzire;                                    |      |
|        |- climatizare si ventilatie;                                  |      |
|        |- iluminat electric etc.                                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 7  |Instalatiile de iluminat electric. Aplicatie                  | 3 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|7.1     |Notiuni introductive                                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|7.2     |Cerintele de iluminat (birouri, alte locuri de munca, lumina  |      |
|        |reflectata, geometria spatiilor)                              |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|7.3     |Componentele sistemelor de iluminat (surse, corpuri de        |      |
|        |iluminat, balasturi)                                          |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|7.4.    |Utilizarea maxima a luminii diurne                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|7.5.    |Controlul sistemelor de iluminat (intreruperea si diminuarea  |      |
|        |iluminarii, programe de functionare etc.)                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|Cap. 8  |Sisteme electrice de incalzire, ventilare si conditionare a   | 3 ore|
|        |aerului. Aplicatie                                            |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|8.1     |Analiza comparativa a diferitelor sisteme                     |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|8.2     |Metode de control (reglarea termostatelor, controlul direct si|      |
|        |cel indirect, coeficient de performanta)                      |      |
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|
|        |                                                    TOTAL     |30 ore|
|________|______________________________________________________________|______|

    5. MOD DE EVALUARE: examinare scrisa si teste in cadrul aplicatiilor - 100 puncte

    6. BIBLIOGRAFIE

 ______________________________________________________________________________
|Nr. |        Autori         |                      Titlu                      |
|crt.|                       |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  1.|         *           |Ordonanta de urgenta a Guvernului nr. 63/1998    |
|    |                       |privind energia electrica si termica, publicata  |
|    |                       |in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr.  |
|    |                       |519/1998                                         |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  2.|         *           |Legea nr. 199/2000 privind utilizarea eficienta a|
|    |                       |energiei, republicata in Monitorul Oficial al    |
|    |                       |Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 734/2002                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  3.|         *           |Hotararea Guvernului nr. 393/2002 pentru         |
|    |                       |aprobarea Normelor metodologice de aplicare a    |
|    |                       |Legii nr. 199/2000 privind utilizarea eficienta a|
|    |                       |energiei, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al      |
|    |                       |Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 292/2002                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  4.|         *           |Ordin al ministrului industriei si resurselor    |
|    |                       |nr. 245/2002 privind aprobarea Regulamentului    |
|    |                       |pentru autorizarea persoanelor fizice si juridice|
|    |                       |care au dreptul sa realizeze bilanturi energetice|
|    |                       |si a Regulamentului pentru atestarea             |
|    |                       |responsabililor cu atributii in domeniul         |
|    |                       |gestiunii energiei, publicat in Monitorul Oficial|
|    |                       |al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 836/2002              |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  5.|         *           |PE 902/1986 (reeditare) - Normativ privind       |
|    |                       |intocmirea si analiza bilanturilor energetice,   |
|    |                       |ICEMENERG, 1995                                  |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  6.|         *           |Proiect CD - Fundamentarea legislatiei energetice|
|    |                       |in vederea stimularii si promovarii economiei de |
|    |                       |energie. Elaborarea reglementarilor pentru       |
|    |                       |managementul energiei la consumatorii            |
|    |                       |industriali.                                     |
|    |                       |Director proiect Ioan Vuza, ICEMENERG, 1997      |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  7.|Turner, W. C.          |Energy Management Handbook,                      |
|    |                       |The Fairmont Press Inc., 1992                    |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  8.|         *           |Organizatia Natiunilor Unite, Protocolul de la   |
|    |                       |Kyoto din 11.12.1997 la Conventia-cadru a        |
|    |                       |Natiunilor Unite asupra schimbarilor climatice   |
|    |                       |(traducere), Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei,      |
|    |                       |Partea I, nr. 81/16.02.2001                      |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
|  9.|Mladin E. C. s.a.      |Auditul energetic pentru cladiri,                |
|    |                       |MatrixRom Bucuresti, 2001                        |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 10.|         *           |NP 047/2000 - Normativ pentru realizarea         |
|    |                       |auditului energetic al cladirilor existente si al|
|    |                       |instalatiilor de incalzire si preparare a apei   |
|    |                       |calde de consum aferente acestora,               |
|    |                       |Buletinul constructiilor, vol. 5, 2001           |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 11.|Berinde T. s.a.        |Intocmirea si analiza bilanturilor energetice in |
|    |                       |industrie, volumul I si II                       |
|    |                       |Editura Tehnica, Bucuresti, 1976                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|
| 12.|Carabogdan Gh.,        |Bilanturi energetice. Probleme                   |
|    |Badea A.,              |Editura Tehnica Bucuresti, 1986                  |
|    |Athanasovici V.,       |                                                 |
|    |Postolache P. s.a.     |                                                 |
|____|_______________________|_________________________________________________|



SmartCity5

COMENTARII la Decizia 57/2003

Momentan nu exista niciun comentariu la Decizia 57 din 2003
Comentarii la alte acte
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 226 2006
    Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Nabídka půjčky!!! Potřebujete půjčku s nízkou úrokovou sazbou 2%? Byla vám banka odepřena půjčka, protože nemáte žádné zajištění nebo špatný úvěr? Potřebujete půjčku k zahájení vašeho osobního podnikání? Jste unaveni z bankovního stresu? Pokud potřebujete další finanční prostředky na dlouhodobé a krátkodobé půjčky od 5 000 Kč do 80 000 000 Kč, pak jste na správném místě kontaktujte nás na e-mailu: Radeknovotny777@gmail.com
Coduri postale Prefixe si Coduri postale din Romania Magazin si service calculatoare Sibiu